后台任务 - BackgroundTasks

你可以在*路径操作函数*或依赖函数中声明一个类型为 BackgroundTasks 的参数，然后你可以使用它来安排在响应发送后执行的后台任务。

你可以直接从 fastapi 导入它：

from fastapi import BackgroundTasks

fastapi.BackgroundTasks

BackgroundTasks(tasks=None)

Bases: BackgroundTasks

A collection of background tasks that will be called after a response has been sent to the client.

Read more about it in the FastAPI docs for Background Tasks.

Example

from fastapi import BackgroundTasks, FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


def write_notification(email: str, message=""):
    with open("log.txt", mode="w") as email_file:
        content = f"notification for {email}: {message}"
        email_file.write(content)


@app.post("/send-notification/{email}")
async def send_notification(email: str, background_tasks: BackgroundTasks):
    background_tasks.add_task(write_notification, email, message="some notification")
    return {"message": "Notification sent in the background"}

PARAMETER	DESCRIPTION
tasks	TYPE: Sequence[BackgroundTask] | None DEFAULT: None

Source code in starlette/background.py

def __init__(self, tasks: typing.Sequence[BackgroundTask] | None = None):
    self.tasks = list(tasks) if tasks else []

func instance-attribute

func = func

args instance-attribute

args = args

kwargs instance-attribute

kwargs = kwargs

is_async instance-attribute

is_async = is_async_callable(func)

tasks instance-attribute

tasks = list(tasks) if tasks else []

add_task

add_task(func, *args, **kwargs)

Add a function to be called in the background after the response is sent.

Read more about it in the FastAPI docs for Background Tasks.

PARAMETER	DESCRIPTION
func	The function to call after the response is sent. It can be a regular def function or an async def function. TYPE: Callable[P, Any]
*args	TYPE: args DEFAULT: ()
**kwargs	TYPE: kwargs DEFAULT: {}

Source code in fastapi/background.py

def add_task(
    self,
    func: Annotated[
        Callable[P, Any],
        Doc(
            """
            The function to call after the response is sent.

            It can be a regular `def` function or an `async def` function.
            """
        ),
    ],
    *args: P.args,
    **kwargs: P.kwargs,
) -> None:
    """
    Add a function to be called in the background after the response is sent.

    Read more about it in the
    [FastAPI docs for Background Tasks](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/background-tasks/).
    """
    return super().add_task(func, *args, **kwargs)