随机梯度下降（SGD）

[source]

SGD class

keras.optimizers.SGD(
    learning_rate=0.01,
    momentum=0.0,
    nesterov=False,
    weight_decay=None,
    clipnorm=None,
    clipvalue=None,
    global_clipnorm=None,
    use_ema=False,
    ema_momentum=0.99,
    ema_overwrite_frequency=None,
    loss_scale_factor=None,
    gradient_accumulation_steps=None,
    name="SGD",
    **kwargs
)

梯度下降（带动量）优化器.

当momentum为0时,参数w的更新规则为梯度g:

w = w - learning_rate * g

当momentum大于0时的更新规则:

velocity = momentum * velocity - learning_rate * g
w = w + velocity

当nesterov=True时,此规则变为:

velocity = momentum * velocity - learning_rate * g
w = w + momentum * velocity - learning_rate * g

参数: learning_rate: 一个浮点数,一个 keras.optimizers.schedules.LearningRateSchedule实例,或 一个不接受参数并返回实际值的回调函数.学习率.默认为0.01. momentum: 浮点数超参数 >= 0,加速梯度下降在相关方向并抑制振荡.0是普通的 梯度下降.默认为0.0. nesterov: 布尔值.是否应用Nesterov动量. 默认为False. name: String. The name to use for momentum accumulator weights created by the optimizer. weight_decay: Float. If set, weight decay is applied. clipnorm: Float. If set, the gradient of each weight is individually clipped so that its norm is no higher than this value. clipvalue: Float. If set, the gradient of each weight is clipped to be no higher than this value. global_clipnorm: Float. If set, the gradient of all weights is clipped so that their global norm is no higher than this value. use_ema: Boolean, defaults to False. If True, exponential moving average (EMA) is applied. EMA consists of computing an exponential moving average of the weights of the model (as the weight values change after each training batch), and periodically overwriting the weights with their moving average. ema_momentum: Float, defaults to 0.99. Only used if use_ema=True. This is the momentum to use when computing the EMA of the model's weights: new_average = ema_momentum * old_average + (1 - ema_momentum) * current_variable_value. ema_overwrite_frequency: Int or None, defaults to None. Only used if use_ema=True. Every ema_overwrite_frequency steps of iterations, we overwrite the model variable by its moving average. If None, the optimizer does not overwrite model variables in the middle of training, and you need to explicitly overwrite the variables at the end of training by calling optimizer.finalize_variable_values() (which updates the model variables in-place). When using the built-in fit() training loop, this happens automatically after the last epoch, and you don't need to do anything. loss_scale_factor: Float or None. If a float, the scale factor will be multiplied the loss before computing gradients, and the inverse of the scale factor will be multiplied by the gradients before updating variables. Useful for preventing underflow during mixed precision training. Alternately, keras.optimizers.LossScaleOptimizer will automatically set a loss scale factor. gradient_accumulation_steps: Int or None. If an int, model & optimizer variables will not be updated at every step; instead they will be updated every gradient_accumulation_steps steps, using the average value of the gradients since the last update. This is known as "gradient accumulation". This can be useful when your batch size is very small, in order to reduce gradient noise at each update step. EMA frequency will look at "accumulated" iterations value (optimizer steps // gradient_accumulation_steps). Learning rate schedules will look at "real" iterations value (optimizer steps).