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如何拆分JSON数据

这个json分割器splits json数据，同时允许控制块大小。它深度优先遍历json数据并构建较小的json块。它尝试保持嵌套的json对象完整，但如果需要保持块大小在min_chunk_size和max_chunk_size之间，则会分割它们。

如果值不是嵌套的json，而是一个非常大的字符串，则该字符串不会被分割。如果您需要对块大小进行硬性限制，请考虑在这些块上使用递归文本分割器进行组合。有一个可选的预处理步骤来分割列表，首先将它们转换为json（字典），然后按此方式进行分割。

  1. 文本如何分割：json 值。
  2. 块大小的测量方式：按字符数。
%pip install -qU langchain-text-splitters

首先我们加载一些json数据：

import json

import requests

# This is a large nested json object and will be loaded as a python dict
json_data = requests.get("https://api.smith.langchain.com/openapi.json").json()

基本用法​

指定max_chunk_size以限制块大小：

from langchain_text_splitters import RecursiveJsonSplitter

splitter = RecursiveJsonSplitter(max_chunk_size=300)
API Reference:RecursiveJsonSplitter

要获取json块，请使用.split_json方法：

# Recursively split json data - If you need to access/manipulate the smaller json chunks
json_chunks = splitter.split_json(json_data=json_data)

for chunk in json_chunks[:3]:
    print(chunk)
{'openapi': '3.1.0', 'info': {'title': 'LangSmith', 'version': '0.1.0'}, 'servers': [{'url': 'https://api.smith.langchain.com', 'description': 'LangSmith API endpoint.'}]}
{'paths': {'/api/v1/sessions/{session_id}': {'get': {'tags': ['tracer-sessions'], 'summary': 'Read Tracer Session', 'description': 'Get a specific session.', 'operationId': 'read_tracer_session_api_v1_sessions__session_id__get'}}}}
{'paths': {'/api/v1/sessions/{session_id}': {'get': {'security': [{'API Key': []}, {'Tenant ID': []}, {'Bearer Auth': []}]}}}}

要获取LangChain Document 对象，请使用 .create_documents 方法：

# The splitter can also output documents
docs = splitter.create_documents(texts=[json_data])

for doc in docs[:3]:
    print(doc)
page_content='{"openapi": "3.1.0", "info": {"title": "LangSmith", "version": "0.1.0"}, "servers": [{"url": "https://api.smith.langchain.com", "description": "LangSmith API endpoint."}]}'
page_content='{"paths": {"/api/v1/sessions/{session_id}": {"get": {"tags": ["tracer-sessions"], "summary": "Read Tracer Session", "description": "Get a specific session.", "operationId": "read_tracer_session_api_v1_sessions__session_id__get"}}}}'
page_content='{"paths": {"/api/v1/sessions/{session_id}": {"get": {"security": [{"API Key": []}, {"Tenant ID": []}, {"Bearer Auth": []}]}}}}'

或者使用 .split_text 直接获取字符串内容：

texts = splitter.split_text(json_data=json_data)

print(texts[0])
print(texts[1])
{"openapi": "3.1.0", "info": {"title": "LangSmith", "version": "0.1.0"}, "servers": [{"url": "https://api.smith.langchain.com", "description": "LangSmith API endpoint."}]}
{"paths": {"/api/v1/sessions/{session_id}": {"get": {"tags": ["tracer-sessions"], "summary": "Read Tracer Session", "description": "Get a specific session.", "operationId": "read_tracer_session_api_v1_sessions__session_id__get"}}}}

如何从列表内容管理块大小​

请注意，此示例中的一个块大于指定的max_chunk_size 300。查看其中一个较大的块，我们发现那里有一个列表对象：

print([len(text) for text in texts][:10])
print()
print(texts[3])
[171, 231, 126, 469, 210, 213, 237, 271, 191, 232]

{"paths": {"/api/v1/sessions/{session_id}": {"get": {"parameters": [{"name": "session_id", "in": "path", "required": true, "schema": {"type": "string", "format": "uuid", "title": "Session Id"}}, {"name": "include_stats", "in": "query", "required": false, "schema": {"type": "boolean", "default": false, "title": "Include Stats"}}, {"name": "accept", "in": "header", "required": false, "schema": {"anyOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "null"}], "title": "Accept"}}]}}}}

默认情况下，json分割器不会分割列表。

指定convert_lists=True以预处理json，将列表内容转换为带有index:item作为key:val对的字典：

texts = splitter.split_text(json_data=json_data, convert_lists=True)

让我们看看这些块的大小。现在它们都在最大值以下

print([len(text) for text in texts][:10])
[176, 236, 141, 203, 212, 221, 210, 213, 242, 291]

列表已转换为字典，但即使拆分为多个块，仍保留所有所需的上下文信息：

print(texts[1])
{"paths": {"/api/v1/sessions/{session_id}": {"get": {"tags": {"0": "tracer-sessions"}, "summary": "Read Tracer Session", "description": "Get a specific session.", "operationId": "read_tracer_session_api_v1_sessions__session_id__get"}}}}
# We can also look at the documents
docs[1]
Document(page_content='{"paths": {"/api/v1/sessions/{session_id}": {"get": {"tags": ["tracer-sessions"], "summary": "Read Tracer Session", "description": "Get a specific session.", "operationId": "read_tracer_session_api_v1_sessions__session_id__get"}}}}')

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